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Camilla Verdacchi

The Gnomon of Piazza di Monte Citorio

We are in 1979.
Work is underway on the arrangement of the cellars of an ancient house in via Campo Marzio 48.
Suddenly, 20 feet below the street level and under half-a-foot of water, large travertine slabs appear on which, in horizontal and vertical bronze lists, the zodiac signs of Aries, Taurus, Leo and Virgo are reproduced.
Expert archaeologists are summoned, who eventually say they have no doubt: it is a section of the large sundial that extended in the area of Campo Marzio, between the current via della Lupa and piazza San Lorenzo in Lucina, where in the 15th century a part of the large sundial had been discovered.
It is, with no doubt, the large sundial made by the emperor Augustus in the 10th century b.C.
A work that measures 500 feet by 180.

Via Campo Marzio, under whose number 48 the large sundial of Facundus Novius was found

There was a base of an obelisk centrally superimposed on it, which Augustus had brought from Egypt.
The obelisk had the function of a gnomon, that is, an "indicator arm", because on the top stood a sphere with a tip, reaching a height of one hundred Roman feet, which is today's 110 feet.

The shadow of the sphere projected on the dial indicated the time, day and month.
In addition, at sunset on September 23, on the day and time of Augustus' birth, the shadow fell on the Ara Pacis as a tribute to the emperor.

Twenty feet below via Campo Marzio, and its daily life ...

The solar clock, conceived by the mathematician Facundus Novius, remained in operation only about half a century, because, as Pliny writes, it collapsed due to an earthquake and the floods of the Tiber, which were depositing large layers of slime on the plates of the dial.

So , everything was lost?
No. First of all, the obelisk came to light in five pieces, and was recognized for the one used as a gnomon by the Augustan inscriptions engraved on the base, which recall the conquest of Egypt.

It was restored with the fragments of red granite from the Colonna Antonina, which had been discovered in small parts not recomposable as early as 1703, and between 1790 and 1792 it was erected in Piazza Montecitorio in front of the Palazzo dei Tribunali, now the Chamber of Deputies.

Under half-a-foot of water, ancient, enigmatic inscriptions, and the signs of a sundial ...

And then it was decided to reactivate its gnonomic function, superimposing a globe with lots of heraldic symbols of Pope Pius VII, and pierced so that a ray of sunshine conveyed to the ground could pass through it, indicating the time on special strips to be placed in the pavement of the square.
But those strips did not arrive, and the bells of Montecitorio continued to tell the time.

Only recently the gnonomic function of the obelisk has been restored.

On June 7, 1998, with the inauguration of the new layout of Piazza Montecitorio, twelve guide-flints were in fact planted on the steps in front of the building, and the obelisk began to mark the hour again.

The Gnomon in Piazza di Monte Citorio marks 10 AM on a normal sunny morning.
From this perspective one can clearly see another of the mysteries of Rome, among the most recent ones: the Menorah, the Jewish candlestick, which points towards the Chamber of Deputies, inserted in the most recent restructuring of the square in 1998.

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Some reviews of people that I have had the pleasure of guiding on my tours

Daniela L.
Daniela L.
The tour I wanted
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The tour of the Colosseum, Forum and Palatine Hill that I have wanted to do for a long time. Camilla was a perfect choice. Prepared, friendly, patient with my many questions. I will recommend her to my friends. Thanks Camilla!
Fabio T.
Fabio T.
The squares of Rome are very interesting
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My wife and I went on a tour of Rome's squares with Camilla. Although I was a little skeptical at first and took this tour by suggestion of my wife, I must say it turned out to be spectacular, and that Camilla was simply a fantastic guide.
Gianna B.
Gianna B.
Vatican exploration to remember
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I had always tried to imagine what was behind the Vatican doors. This tour finally introduced me to a reality that had intrigued me all my life.
Roberto R.
Roberto R.
Rome in a Day
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Without straining we were able to see in one day all the most famous glimpses of Rome, also recognizing many places seen in the great films of Italian cinema. A day that I would suggest to anyone who goes to Rome.
Cristina C.
Cristina C.
Forum and Palatine
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We all know the Colosseum, but perhaps we know less about the Roman Forum and the Palatine Hill. Camilla has a perfect way to make you "travel" in Imperial Rome, among historical data, curiosities, secrets ... Not only a great day, but also useful, very useful!
Luigi Z.
Luigi Z.
As a teacher I tell you: do it!
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All my life I taught History and Letters in high school, and I thought that a tour like the Colosseum could tell me little, and in fact I had organized it mostly for my wife and my daughter. Actually, this guide has been able to illuminate some aspects of the life of Roman citizens that were completely unknown to me. We never know enough about Rome.
Emma G.
Emma G.
The Sistine Chapel is an incredible emotion
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Before doing this tour of the Vatican I knew that the Sistine Chapel is one of the most important and famous works of art in the world, but I would never have imagined the emotion that entering that place caused me. There are no words to describe it. Thanks Camilla, for your expert and complete guide.
Mara K.
Mara K.
How nice the tour of the squares!
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When we think of the squares of Rome we always imagine the most famous ones, such as the Spanish Steps or Piazza Navona. But those who are not from Rome, like me, often do not even suspect how beautiful many other squares of this incredible city can be! I recommend you do this tour with Mrs. Verdacchi, you won't regret it!
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